Economy of Nepal
| Economy - overview: | Nepal is among the poorest and least developed countries in the world with almost one-third of its population living below the poverty line. Agriculture is the mainstay of the economy, providing a livelihood for three-fourths of the population and accounting for 38% of GDP. Industrial activity mainly involves the processing of agricultural produce including jute, sugarcane, tobacco, and grain. Security concerns relating to the Maoist conflict have led to a decrease in tourism, a key source of foreign exchange. Nepal has considerable scope for exploiting its potential in hydropower and tourism, areas of recent foreign investment interest. Prospects for foreign trade or investment in other sectors will remain poor, however, because of the small size of the economy, its technological backwardness, its remoteness, its landlocked geographic location, its civil strife, and its susceptibility to natural disaster. |
| GDP (purchasing power parity): | $41.18 billion (2006 est.) |
| GDP (official exchange rate): | $6.948 billion (2006 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate: | 1.9% (2006 est.) |
| GDP - per capita (PPP): | $1,500 (2006 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector: | agriculture: 38% industry: 20% services: 42% (FY05/06 est.) |
| Labor force: | 11.11 million note: severe lack of skilled labor (2006 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation: | agriculture: 76% industry: 6% services: 18% (2004 est.) |
| Unemployment rate: | 42% (2004 est.) |
| Population below poverty line: | 31% (FY03/04) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share: | lowest 10%: 2.6% highest 10%: 39.1% (2003-2004) |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index: | 37.7 (FY04/05) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices): | 8.6% (November 2006 est.) |
| Budget: | revenues: $1.153 billion expenditures: $1.927 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (FY06/07) |
| Agriculture - products: | rice, corn, wheat, sugarcane, jute, root crops; milk, water buffalo meat |
| Industries: | tourism, carpet, textile; small rice, jute, sugar, and oilseed mills; cigarettes, cement and brick production |
| Industrial production growth rate: | 2.2% (FY05/06) |
| Electricity - production: | 2.511 billion kWh (2006) |
| Electricity - production by source: | fossil fuel: 8.5% hydro: 91.5% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001) |
| Electricity - consumption: | 1.96 billion kWh (2006) |
| Electricity - exports: | 101 million kWh (2006) |
| Electricity - imports: | 266 million kWh (2006) |
| Oil - production: | 0 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
| Oil - consumption: | 11,550 bbl/day (2006 est.) |
| Oil - exports: | NA bbl/day |
| Oil - imports: | 11,530 bbl/day (2006 est.) |
| Oil - proved reserves: | 0 bbl |
| Natural gas - production: | 0 cu m (2006 est.) |
| Natural gas - consumption: | 0 cu m (2006 est.) |
| Exports: | $822 million f.o.b.; note - does not include unrecorded border trade with India (2005 est.) |
| Exports - commodities: | carpets, clothing, leather goods, jute goods, grain |
| Exports - partners: | India 59.3%, US 14%, Germany 5.9% (2006) |
| Imports: | $2 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.) |
| Imports - commodities: | gold, machinery and equipment, petroleum products, fertilizer |
| Imports - partners: | India 49%, China 12.4%, UAE 11.7%, Saudi Arabia 5.2%, Kuwait 4.4% (2006) |
| Debt - external: | $3.07 billion (March 2006) |
| Economic aid - recipient: | $533 million (FY04/05) |
| Currency (code): | Nepalese rupee (NPR) |
| Currency code: | NPR |
| Exchange rates: | Nepalese rupees per US dollar - 72.446 (2006), 72.16 (2005), 73.674 (2004), 76.141 (2003), 77.877 (2002) |
| Fiscal year: | 16 July - 15 July |